The Art of War is an ancient Chinese military treatise dating from the Late Spring and Autumn Period (roughly 5th century BC). The work, which is attributed to the ancient Chinese military strategist Sun Tzu ("Master Sun", also spelled Sunzi), is composed of 13 chapters. Each one is devoted to an aspect of warfare and how it applies to military strategy and tactics.For almost 1,500 years it was the lead text in an anthology that would be formalised as the Seven Military Classics by Emperor Shenzong of Song in 1080. The Art of War remains the most influential strategy text in East Asian warfare and has influenced both Eastern and Western military thinking, business tactics, legal strategy and beyond.Scholars do not know how The Art of War came to beand whether or not Sun Tzu, if he existed, had anything to do with its creation. What they do know is that copies of the book, typically written on sets of sewn-together bamboo slats, ended up in the hands of politicians, military leaders and scholars across China. From there, translated copies of Sun Tzus work found their way to Korea and Japan. (The oldest Japanese version dates from the 8th century A.D.)For more than 1,000 years, rulers and scholars across Asia consulted The Art of War as they plotted their military maneuvers and imperial conquests. Japanese samurai, for example, studied it closely. However, it did not reach the Western world until the end of the 18th century, when a Jesuit missionary translated the book into French. (Historians say that the French emperor Napoleon was the first Western leader to follow its teachings.) It was finally translated into English in 1905.INTRODUCTION:Sun Tzu Wu was a native of the Ch`i State. His Art of War brought him to the notice of Ho Lu, King of Wu. Ho Lu said to him: I have carefully perused your 13 chapters. May I submit your theory of managing soldiers to a slight test?Sun Tzu replied: You may.Ho Lu asked: May the test be applied to women?The answer was again in the affirmative, so arrangements were made to bring 180 ladies out of the Palace. Sun Tzu divided them into two companies, and placed one of the King's favourite concubines at the head of each. He then bade them all take spears in their hands, and addressed them thus: I presume you know the difference between front and back, right hand and left hand?The girls replied: Yes.Sun Tzu went on: When I say Eyes front, you must look straight ahead. When I say Left turn, you must face towards your left hand. When I say Right turn, you must face towards your right hand. When I say About turn, you must face right round towards your back.Again the girls assented. The words of command having been thus explained, he set up the halberds and battle-axes in order to begin the drill. Then, to the sound of drums, he gave the order Right turn. But the girls only burst out laughing. Sun Tzu said: If words of command are not clear and distinct, if orders are not thoroughly understood, then the gener...
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On the Soul Aristotle - Written in 350 BC, Aristotles De Anima or On the Soul is not a work on spirituality, as the title would suggest, but rather a work that could be described as one of biopsychology, or a work on the subject of psychology from a biological perspective. Aristotles exposition centers on the soul. Aristotles soul however is not the same as the common modern spiritual conception of something distinct from the body that lives on past death. Rather Aristotle defines the soul as the form or essence of a living thing which is wholly inseparable from that living being. In the work Aristotle engages in a discussion of the differences between all living things with regard to this conception of the soul including the differing capacities for nourishment, reproduction, perception, and intellect that different forms of life possess.
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<p style="padding: 0px 0px 12px; margin: 0px; cursor: text; box-sizing: border-box; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: #202124; font-family: Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif; font-size: 16px; white-space: pre-wrap;">Medea is an ancient Greek tragedy written by Euripides, based upon the myth of Jason and Medea and first produced in 431 BC. The plot centers on the actions of Medea, a former princess of the kingdom of Colchis, and the wife of Jason; she finds her position in the Greek world threatened as Jason leaves her for a Greek princess of Corinth. Medea takes vengeance on Jason by murdering Jason's new wife as well as her own children (two sons), after which she escapes to Athens to start a new life.</p> <p style="padding: 0px 0px 12px; margin: 0px; cursor: text; box-sizing: border-box; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; color: #202124; font-family: Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif; font-size: 16px; white-space: pre-wrap;">Euripides' play has been explored and interpreted by playwrights across the centuries and the world in a variety of ways, offering political, psychoanalytical, feminist, among many other original readings of Medea, Jason and the core themes of the play.</p>
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On the Heavens Aristotle - On the Heavens is Aristotle's chief cosmological treatise: written in 350 BC it contains his astronomical theory and his ideas on the concrete workings of the terrestrial world. This work is significant as one of the defining pillars of the Aristotelian worldview, a school of philosophy that dominated intellectual thinking for almost two millennia. Similarly, this work and others by Aristotle were important seminal works by which much of scholasticism was derived.
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<p>Produced in 458 BC, Aeschylus' Choephori is the second play in the Oresteian trilogy. The bloodshed begun in the first play with the murder of Agamemnon by his wife Clytemnestra is here continued when Agamemnon's son Orestes avenges his father's death by killing Clytemnestra. It is not until the third and final play, Eumenides, that peace is restored to the family of the Atreidae. The introduction discusses the pre-Aeschylean 'Orestes' tradition in literature and art, as well as the place of Choephori within the Oresteia, its imagery and dramatic structure, the questions of staging the play, and the manuscript tradition. </p>
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Poetics Aristotle - Aristotle's Poetics (Greek: Peri poietikês; Latin: De Poetica; c. 335 BC) is the earliest surviving work of dramatic theory and first extant philosophical treatise to focus on literary theory. In this text Aristotle offers an account of , which refers to poetry or more literally "the poetic art," deriving from the term for "poet; author; maker," . Aristotle divides the art of poetry into verse drama (to include comedy, tragedy, and the satyr play), lyric poetry, and epic. The genres all share the function of mimesis, or imitation of life, but differ in three ways that Aristotle describes: Differences in music rhythm, harmony, meter and melody. Difference of goodness in the characters. Difference in how the narrative is presented: telling a story or acting it out. The analysis of tragedy in the Poetics constitutes the core of the discussion. Although the text is universally acknowledged in the Western critical tradition, "almost every detail about his seminal work has aroused divergent opinions". The work was lost to the Western world for a long time. It was available in the Middle Ages and early Renaissance only through a Latin translation of an Arabic version written by Averroes.
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| Handys & Kommunikation |. | Spielzeug |. | Uhren & Schmuck |. - Der Deckel auf macht es staubdicht und kann Baumwollpolster trocken und sauber halten. -Material: Plastik. | Bücher & Zeitschriften |.
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<div class="data__description collapsed" style="height: 1028px;"> <div> <p>Kolędy najpiękniej brzmią w tradycyjnych aranżacjach, w jakich od pokoleń śpiewamy je w naszych polskich domach w noc wigilijną. W taki właśnie sposób zostały zinterpretowane najpopularniejsze polskie kolędy znajdujące się na tej pięknej płycie. Utwory zaaranżowane i zaśpiewane są w sposób rytmiczny i pełen melodii, bez nadmiernych interpretacji, tak aby każdy mógł je dośpiewać przy wigilijnym stole. Płyta została nagrana przez wybitnych solistów, przy udziale chóru, orkiestry, organów, bicia dzwonów i z wykorzystaniem tradycyjnych instrumentów polskich kolędników.</p> <p>Czas trwania: 41'16''<br /><br /></p> <p>Spis utworów:</p> <ol> <li>Życzenia świąteczne, Zbigniew Tarkowski, pastor Kościoła Społeczność Chrześcijańska „Puławska”, 0:54 </li> <li>Jam jest dudka Jezusa, wyk. chór „SOLINA”, sł. i muz. tradycyjne, 3:18 </li> <li>Jezus malusieńki, wyk. Agnieszka Gorączkowska, sł. i muz. tradycyjne, 3:38 </li> <li>Gdy się Chrystus rodzi, wyk. Daniel Wojsa, sł. i muz. tradycyjne, 3:35 </li> <li>Lulajże, Jezuniu, wyk. Anna Ozner, sł. i muz. tradycyjne, 5:18 </li> <li>Przybieżeli do Betlejem, wyk. Monika Urlik, sł. i muz. tradycyjne, 3:04 </li> <li>W żłobie leży, wyk. Karolina Piechota, sł. i muz. tradycyjne, 3:02 </li> <li>Narodził się Jezus Chrystus, wyk. Anna Ozner, sł. i muz. tradycyjne, 2:35 </li> <li>Hej, w dzień narodzenia, wyk. Agnieszka Gorączkowska, sł. i muz. tradycyjne, 3:07 </li> <li>A wczora z wieczora, wyk. chór „SOLINA”, sł. i muz. tradycyjne, 3:57 </li> <li>W dzień Bożego Narodzenia, wyk. Monika Urlik, sł. i muz. tradycyjne, 2:05 </li> <li>Bóg się rodzi, moc truchleje, wyk. Daniel Wojsa, sł. <a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franciszek_Karpi%C5%84ski">Franciszek</a> Karpiński, muz<em>. </em><em>Karol Kurpiński</em>, 3:36 </li> <li>Kolędnicy, wyk. Anna Ozner, sł. i muz. tradycyjne, 3:07</li> </ol> <p> </p> <p>Pełne zestawienie wykonawców:</p> <p>Dyrekcja muzyczna: Monika Urlik</p> <p>Wokaliści – Agnieszka Gorączkowska, Anna Ozner, Monika Urlik, Daniel Wojsa, chór „Solina”</p> <p>Aranżacja utworów: Dawid Goro</p> <p>Producent: Wydawnictwo Siedmioróg</p> <p>Muzyka instrumentalna: Cappella Solina, w której skład wchodzą:</p> <p>Gitara akustyczna i elektryczna – Jarosław Adamczyk</p> <p>Instrumenty klawiszowe – Paweł Godliński</p> <p>Akordeon – Eliza Lewczuk</p> <p>Skrzypce – Anna Tessar</p> <p>Róg pasterski – Andrzej Wardziński</p> </div> </div>
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Agamemnon - Aeschylus - Aeschylus' Agamemnon, first produced in 458 BC, is the opening play in his Oresteian trilogy. Agamemnon returns home after the Trojan Wars with his concubine Cassandra and is murdered by his wife Clytemnestra and her lover, Aegisthus. The ensuing blood feud continues until the third and final play, Eumenides, when peace is finally restored to the house of the Atreidae. It is a powerful and moving play which is difficult to interpret and which for a long time lacked an English edition.
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