<p>The increasing availability of molecular and genetic databases coupled with the growing power of computers gives biologists opportunities to address new issues, such as the patterns of molecular evolution, and re-assess old ones, such as the role of adaptation in species diversification.</p> <p>In the second edition, the book continues to integrate a wide variety of data analysis methods into a single and flexible interface: the R language. This open source language is available for a wide range of computer systems and has been adopted as a computational environment by many authors of statistical software. Adopting R as a main tool for phylogenetic analyses will ease the workflow in biologists' data analyses, ensure greater scientific repeatability, and enhance the exchange of ideas and methodological developments. The second edition is completed updated, covering the full gamut of R packages for this area that have been introduced  to the market since its previous publication five years ago. There is also  a new chapter on the simulation of evolutionary data.  </p> <p>Graduate students and researchers in evolutionary biology can use this book as a reference for data analyses, whereas researchers in bioinformatics interested in evolutionary analyses will learn how to implement these methods in R. The book starts with a presentation of different R packages and gives a short introduction to R for phylogeneticists unfamiliar with this language. The basic phylogenetic topics are covered: manipulation of phylogenetic data, phylogeny estimation, tree drawing, phylogenetic comparative methods, and estimation of ancestral characters. The chapter on tree drawing uses R's powerful graphical environment. A section deals with the analysis of diversification with phylogenies, one of the author's favorite research topics. The last chapter is devoted to the development of phylogenetic methods with R and interfaces with other languages (C and C++). Some exercises conclude these chapters.</p>
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This book presents, in a self-contained fashion, a series of studies on flow and heat transfer in porous media, in which distinct energy balances are considered for the porous matrix and for the permeating fluid. Detailed mathematical modeling is presented considering both volume and time averaging operators simultaneously applied to the governing equations. System involving combustion in the gaseous phase, moving bed and double-diffusion mechanism are analyzed. Numerical results are presented for each case. In the end, this book contains the description of a tool that might benefit engineers in developing and designing more efficient thermal equipment.
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<p>This book deals with the gathering of evidence in cross-border investigations in Europe. The issue of obtaining evidence in and from European countries has been among the most debated issues of EU cross-border cooperation in criminal matters over the last two decades, going through periods of intensive discussions and showing an extraordinary adaptability to the evolution of EU legislation for criminal matters. On the other hand, the prosecution and investigations of cross-border cases pose unprecedented challenges in the European scenario, characterized by the increasing flow and activity of citizens over the territory of more than one country and therefore by the need to lay the foundations of a transcultural criminal justice system.</p> <p>The book analyses this complex topic starting with the current perspectives of EU legislation, thus providing a critical analysis of the legislative initiative aimed at introducing a new tool for gathering almost any type of evidence in other Member States, i.e., the European Investigation Order. On a second level, this study deals with the solution models and human rights challenges posed by the increasingly intensive dialogues between domestic and supranational case laws, and formulates essential guidelines for setting up a fair transnational enquiry system in Europe.</p> <p></p>
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<p>The work presents a theoretical framework for the evaluation of e-Teaching that aims at positioning the online activities designed and developed by the teacher as to the Learning, Interaction and Technology Dimensions.</p> <p></p> <p>The theoretical research that underlies the study was developed reflecting current thinking on the promotion of quality of teaching and of the integration of information and communication tools into the curriculum in Higher Education (HE), i.e., bearing in mind some European guidelines and policies on this subject. This way, an answer was sought to be given to one of the aims put forward in this study, namely to contribute towards the development of a conceptual framework to support research on evaluation of e-teaching in the context of HE. Based on the theoretical research carried out, an evaluation tool (SCAI) was designed, which integrates the two questionnaires developed to collect the teachers' and the students' perceptions regarding the development of e-activities. Consequently, an empirical study was structured and carried out, allowing SCAI tool to be tested and validated in real cases. From the comparison of the theoretical framework established and the analysis of the data obtained, we found that the differences in teaching should be valued and seen as assets by HE institutions rather than annihilated in a globalizing perspective.</p>
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Oncoplastic and reconstructive surgery combines the most up-to-date techniques in plastic surgery with surgery for breast cancer, providing optimal oncologic and aesthetic results by means of a single procedure. This book demonstrates why oncoplastic surgery represents such an exciting tool for surgeons who undertake breast surgery. Fundamental principles and basic concepts are clearly outlined, and diverse techniques are presented by acknowledged experts from across the world. The emphasis is very much on a “how to do” approach, with detailed guidance and advice on the various techniques. The informative text is supported by a wealth of color illustrations, and accompanying videos of procedures are available via the publisher’s website. Reconstructive Breast Cancer Surgery will serve as an ideal reference work that will help surgical fellows and specialists to learn about indications and selection of patients, to master technical skills, and to manage complications effectively.
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<p>This timely guide to communication in patient-centered medicine argues for greater clarity in explaining health risks versus benefits of an array of screening tests, procedures, and drug regimens. It reviews the growing trend toward patients' involvement in their own care, particularly in terms of chronic conditions, and details approaches physicians can use to prepare patients (and themselves) for collaborative decision-making based on informed choices and clear, meaningful knowledge. Chapters apply this lens to a wide range of common interventions as contentious as estrogen replacement therapy and antibiotics, and as widely prescribed as the daily aspirin and the annual physical. With this goal in mind, the authors also introduce an innovative decision-making tool that translates risks and benefits into a clear graphic format for fewer chances of miscommunication or misunderstanding.</p> <p></p> <p>Among the topics covered:</p> <p></p> <ul> <li>Involving the patient in decision making.</li> <li>Towards a universal decision aid.</li> <li>BRCT: the Benefit/Risk Characterization Theater.</li> <li>Breast Cancer Screening—Mammograms.</li> <li>Prostate Cancer Screening.</li> <li>Colon cancer screening with colonoscopy.</li> <li>Screening for and treating dementia.</li> <li>Statins, cholesterol, and coronary heart disease.</li> </ul> <p></p> <p>Physicians in family and internal medicine will find <i>Interpreting Health Benefits and Risks: A Practical Guide to Facilitate Doctor- Patient Communication</i> a valuable resource for communicating with patients and new possibilities for working toward their better health and health education.</p> <p></p> <p><i>This book considers several common and important situations where faulty decision-making makes overtreatment a serious risk. Clear, fair, referenced, and useful information is provided. And a powerful intuitive technique is introduced which allows patient and doctor to talk as equals as they work together in the exam room. The authors emphasize that some patients who have been fully educated will still accept high risks of harm for a small chance of avoiding premature death. But as this book is accepted and its ideas and technique are extended, I feel sure that net harm to patients will be curtailed. And what is more, the integrity of the decision-making process will be improved.</i></p> <p>—Thomas Finucane, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine</p>
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"Dieses Buch zeigt Ihnen genau, was Sie tun müssen, um alles über Engelhaftes Reiki zu verstehen!" Als eine Person wie Sie, die Probleme damit hat, überhaupt zu wissen, wo man mit der Welt der übernatürlichen Heilung anfangen soll, habe ich mich auf die Suche nach den besten Strategien gemacht, um mein Ziel zu erreichen! Dieses leistungsstarke Tool bietet Ihnen alles was Sie wissen müssen, um alles über die Grundlagen der Welt der Engel zu lernen. Da es für den Erfolg entscheidend ist, die Grundlagen von allem zu verstehen, sind dies Informationen, die für Sie sehr wertvoll sein können. Wer kann dieses Buch verwenden? - Internet-Vermarkter - Netzwerk Vermarkter - Lebensberater - Enthusiasten der persönlichen Entwicklung - Selbstverbesserung-Blogger - Web Verlage - Autoren und Ersteller von Inhalten Und viele mehr! In diesem Buch erfahren Sie: - Engelhaftes Reiki Basics - Die Geschichte von Reiki - Die Geschichte der Engel - Den Unterschied zwischen Reiki und Engelhaftes Reiki - Wie Angelic Reiki Energie funktioniert - Und so viel mehr!
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Are you a teacher feeling overwhelmed and stressed at work? Do you find it difficult to balance the demands of your job with your personal life? Stress to Calm in 7 Minutes for Teachers is here to help! We understand the unique challenges that teachers face on a daily basis, from long hours to a heavy workload and constant multi-tasking. That's why we've designed a practical step-by-step guide that takes you through 7 one-minute tools specifically tailored to help you work through stress and find more peace and balance. Each tool is backed by science and designed to help you reduce stress levels, improve your work-life balance, and boost your mental health and wellbeing. These tools can be used anytime, anywhere – whether you're in a hospital, work situation or at home and when you see the improvement, you will be motivated to use them every day. With just 7 minutes a day, you can make a real difference in your stress levels and overall wellbeing. Join the Stress to Calm revolution and start living your best, stress-free life today!
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